The registration of a Pvt Ltd company in India is done online through the MCA portal using the SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) form. The process typically takes 8-12 days, depending on approvals and document submission. Key steps include:

1. Obtain Digital Signature Certificates (DSC): Required for directors to sign electronic documents.

2. Apply for Director Identification Number (DIN): Up to three directors can apply for DIN via SPICe+.

3. Name Approval: Submit a unique name (not resembling existing companies or trademarks) for ROC approval via SPICe+.

4. File Incorporation Documents:

   • Memorandum of Association (MOA): Defines the company’s objectives and scope.

   • Articles of Association (AOA): Outlines internal rules and management.

   • Proof of Registered Office: Rental agreement, ownership deed, or utility bills (not older than 2 months).

   • Affidavit from Subscribers: Confirming willingness to become shareholders.

   • Identity and Address Proof: PAN card, Aadhaar, passport, or utility bills for directors and shareholders.

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5. Pay Fees and Submit SPICe+ Form: Includes application for PAN, TAN, GST, EPFO, ESIC, and professional tax registration.

6. Certificate of Incorporation: Issued by ROC upon approval, along with PAN and TAN.

7. Open Bank Account: Deposit the minimum capital (no minimum capital requirement as of 2015).

8. Obtain Licenses/Permits: Depending on the business, such as GST registration (mandatory if turnover exceeds ₹40 lakh), trade license, or environmental clearance.

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Compliance Requirements

• Annual General Meetings (AGMs): Must be held annually to approve financial statements.

• ROC Filings: File audited financial statements (under Sections 129 and 137) and annual returns (under Section 92) within 30-60 days of AGM.

• Books of Accounts: Maintain proper financial records.

• Tax Filings: File income tax returns annually, requiring a digital signature.

• GST Compliance: If registered, file regular GST returns.

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Advantages​

• Limited Liability Protection: Shareholders’ personal assets are safeguarded from business debts or losses.

• Ease of Raising Capital: Can issue shares or secure funding through private placements, attracting investors.

• Credibility and Trust: Registration with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) and public disclosure of details on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal enhance credibility.

• Perpetual Existence: Unaffected by changes in ownership or management.

• Tax Benefits: Eligible for deductions on business expenses and benefits under schemes like Startup India.

• Attracts Talent: Can offer Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) to retain skilled employees.